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Authors are invited to make a submission to this journal. All submissions will be assessed by an editor to determine whether they meet the aims and scope of this journal. Those considered to be a good fit will be sent for peer review before determining whether they will be accepted or rejected.

Before making a submission, authors are responsible for obtaining permission to publish any material included with the submission, such as photos, documents and datasets. All authors identified on the submission must consent to be identified as an author. Where appropriate, research should be approved by an appropriate ethics committee in accordance with the legal requirements of the study's country.

An editor may desk reject a submission if it does not meet minimum standards of quality. Before submitting, please ensure that the study design and research argument are structured and articulated properly. The title should be concise and the abstract should be able to stand on its own. This will increase the likelihood of reviewers agreeing to review the paper. When you're satisfied that your submission meets this standard, please follow the checklist below to prepare your submission.

    • This submission meets the requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.
    • The manuscript is author(s) own work, and it has not been submitted and/or published elsewhere in its current or in a substantially similar format. It is also not under consideration for publications in another...
    • The submission file is in OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, or RTF document file format.
    • The texts are double-spaced; uses a 12-point font; where required, employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end. The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.
    • The manuscript has a title page and for blind review purposes; the title page is separated, and all the author details are kept anonymous.
    • All the authors approve this submission.
    • The manuscript meets the ethical guidelines and legal requirements of a country under study.
    • The manuscript does not have a conflict of interest with any parties.
    • If the research is supported (entirely or partially) from an external grant provider, it is acknowledged on the title page.
    • I/we have taken the permission from third party copyright owners (where applicable).
    • The manuscript does not contain any unlawful contents that may harm/pose a threat to the business, people and society.
    • All submissions must meet the following requirements.
    • Where available, URLs for the references have been provided.